Seating Women Delegates at Classis

Our classis has been discussing the possibility of seating women delegates at our Classis meetings. It is my recommendation that we maintain the requirement of male office bearers as delegates to Classis meetings and not seat women as delegates. There are several approaches people have used to address this issue, but in the end it comes down to God’s Word. If we don’t discuss and make decisions based on scripture, we have no real basis other than pragmatism and popular opinion. The following is the summary of my arguments, and answers to some common objections.

Argument:

1. Scripture is our guide for all things, it is inspired, infallible, and sufficient in all that it speaks of (everything). ^{[BC Article 3,5,7; 2 Timothy 3:16-17, 2 Peter 1:16-21]}
2. Women are equally valued by God throughout scripture, but have different roles and order within the family and church. ^{[Gen 1:27, Gal 3:28, Titus 2, Romans 16:1, 1 Timothy 2:8-10,15]}
3. Scripture teaches plainly from front to back regarding headship, authority, and teaching being placed in male heads of household. ^{[Acts 6:3, 1 Timothy 3:2,8, Ephesians 5:23, Exodus 18:21, Numbers 21:16-17, the apostles, the disciples, the tribes of Israel]}
1. It is taught through didactic passages, through principles, and through examples.
2. It is an example of Christ and his church seen through marriage of husband and wife.
3. The clearer passages are used to help interpret the less clear passages.
4. Biblical authority starts with Christ as our head; for all of us individually and as a church.            ^{[1 Corinthians 11:3, Ephesians 4:15, 5:23, Colossians 1:18]}
1. God has established the church to communicate the gospel and build up the body.
2. Leadership in the church is put in place as a plurality of elders stewarding Christ’s body.
3. Any assembly of churches, such as Classis or Synod do not hold primary authority over the local church.
4. We band together as like-minded brothers in Christ to faithfully follow God’s Law and share and grow in the gospel of grace.
5. Our witness to the world is seen through the visible church and likewise should not conform to the patterns of this world. ^{[Romans 12:2, Acts 1:8, Mark 13:9, Deuteronomy 4:6-8]}
1. Our culture distorts the biblical view of men and women created in the image of God.
2. Our culture seeks to destroy the good purpose and witness that God has created.

Summary:

Seeking to be as honest and faithful as we can to operate as a biblically functioning church, we urge Classis not to adopt changes to seat women delegates.

Talking Points and Questions

Q.   Isn’t all this an ongoing battle between men and women?
A.    This is not an issue of discrimination. It is an issue of biblical interpretation. Men and women are both sinful and have both given us examples of poor execution or poor understanding. In proper understanding, this is not an issue of men trying to hold power and keep women out. It is Christians seeking to faithfully interpret and practically apply the word of God to every aspect of their lives. We will make errors, but we seek to be faithful and encourage one another in the body of Christ. They best way to do this is through God’s Word.
A.    When men are harsh or abusive, men add to the argument for equality; God couldn’t have meant that. When men are cowardly or silent, they show weakness and are not good representatives to provide godly headship in the marriage.

Q.   Didn’t Synod allow for each church to choose for themselves?

A.    Yes, but…our head is Christ, we submit to His headship in the church, as expressed through His Word revealed to us in scripture. When scripture and Synod come into conflict, we submit first to scripture. Just as Peter and John did in Acts 4: 19, when they say, “Whether it is right in the sight of God to listen to you rather than to God, you must judge.” We also seek to live at peace with everyone (Romans 12:18)

Q.   Isn’t it better to have a woman elder, rather than a man who doesn’t desire it, or no elders?

A.    Paul writes to Titus (1:5) to “straighten out what was left unfinished and appoint elders in every town, as I directed you.” He follows that immediately with the qualifications for an elder, exclusively referring to the elder as a male, both directly and implied. Alexander Strauch quotes Jon Zens and writes “Better have no elders than the wrong ones”. The local church must in all earnestness insist on biblically qualified elders, even if such men take years to develop. We could recommend a number of resources, including Alexander Strauch’s book, “Biblical Eldership: An Urgent Call to Restore Biblical Church Leadership” for those wishing to develop qualified male elders.

Q.   If each church is under the stewardship of it’s elders, then why can’t (or shouldn’t) they delegate whom they wish?

A.    First, the steward is not the head, he must act on behalf of our head, Christ. Second, Christ left us with qualifications spelled out in His written word for church leadership. Third, we do not wish to “put a stumbling block in our brother’s way”, nor to “do anything else that will cause your brother to fall.” Romans 14:13,15,21

Q.   Can women not teach at all?

A.    The bible does not command that women may not teach at all. We first must understand Paul’s letter to Timothy where he says, “I do not permit a woman to teach or to have authority over a man; she must be silent.” (1 Timothy 2:12) is in the context of public worship. However, we read Paul instructing Titus (2:3-5), “Likewise, teach the older women to be reverent in the way they live, not to be slanderers or addicted to much wine, but to teach what is good. Then they can train the younger women to love their husbands and children, to be self-controlled and pure, to be busy at home, to be kind, and to be subject to their husbands, so that no one will malign the word of God.” However, 1 Corinthians 14:34 says “women should remain silent in the churches. They are not allowed to speak, but must be in submission, as the Law says.” Women are not to teach in the churches (publicly).

Q.   What about a woman who is gifted and able to teach, should we not use her gifts to teach all in the church?

A.    See the previous answer. Women who are gifted to teach, have a proper place and are allowed to teach in those contexts, but not others.

Q.   Why do we insist on the concept of headship today?

A.    Because it is biblical, and illustrates God the Father’s headship over us. Paul writes in 1 Corinthians 11:3 “Now I want you to realize that the head of every man is Christ, and the head of the woman is man, and the head of Christ is God.” He continues in verse 10, “For this reason, and because of the angels, the woman ought to have a sign of authority on her head.” It’s not cultural! We demonstrate our submission to Christ through submission in other relationships. Most, if not all, of us live with one or more of these relationship where we must submit to those in authority over us.
A.    This is made most clear in Ephesians 5 when Paul speaks of the husband and wife relationship as the same as the relationship between Christ and his bride (the church). Paul starts with a general statement to submit to one another, then explains specific situations and ways in which we are to submit. He characterizes wives in submission, and husbands as heads in the marriage relationship. “[21] Submit to one another out of reverence for Christ. [22] Wives, submit to your husbands as to the Lord. [23] For the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church, his body, of which he is the Savior. [24] Now as the church submits to Christ, so also wives should submit to their husbands in everything. [25] Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her [26] to make her holy, cleansing her by the washing with water through the word, [27] and to present her to himself as a radiant church, without stain or wrinkle or any other blemish, but holy and blameless. [28] In this same way, husbands ought to love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself. [29] After all, no one ever hated his own body, but he feeds and cares for it, just as Christ does the church— [30] for we are members of his body. [31] “For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh.” [32] This is a profound mystery—but I am talking about Christ and the church. [33] However, each one of you also must love his wife as he loves himself, and the wife must respect her husband.”

Q.   Most of this refers to elders, what about female deacons?

A.    The church in the New Testament is under the oversight of a plurality of elders (Acts 14:23, 15, James 5:14, Philippians 1:1, Titus 1:5, 1 Peter 5:1). It is built on the apostles and prophets (Ephesians 2:19-20), and seen as sprouted but unfinished when elders are not yet established (Titus 1:5). The primary passage for diaconal ministry is Acts 6. It delegates a separate task to the deacons, but also refers specifically to “choose…men from among you”, rather than women or more generically “people”.

Q.   Doesn’t Galatians 3:28 erase all distinctions between male and female?

A.    Galatians tells us “There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.” The context around us tells us that we are “all sons of God through faith in Christ”, it is Christ and baptism into Christ that brings equality. We are all “Abraham’s seed, and heirs according to the promise.” This is not speaking of the government and rule of the church.

Q.   Following 1 Corinthians 14:35, what does a single woman do, who has no husband to ask?

A.    In 1 Corinthians 14:35 Paul writes, “If there is anything they desire to learn, let them ask their husbands at home. For it is shameful for a woman to speak in church.”. There’s nothing really hard about this. Any young woman is first, under the authority of her father. When she gets married, the primary authority transfers to her husband. If she remains unmarried, or is divorced, or widowed she has other godly men in her life. She may ask her father, her elder, an older brother, or other godly men in the church.

Q.   What happens when wives submit to their husbands?

A.    When women are silent, men speak up. When women submit, their children submit and obey. When women honor authority, children learn to honor authority. If we desire, and require, male leadership, we must act biblically and challenge men to fight the urge of their old self to sit back and let others lead.

Q.   How are men called to headship and leadership?

A.    Men are called to lead in several relationships in scripture, men must be encouraged  to fulfill their biblical responsibility. This starts in the home and family, as fathers are called to bring up their children in the “training and instruction of the Lord.” (Ephesians 6:4) Also, to cleanse his wife “by the washing with water of the word” (Ephesians 5:26). Often husbands and fathers neglect or delegate these responsibilities to others, and thus neglect God’s commands to them. When men are weak in their headship and neglect these responsibilities, women often step up and carry it out.

Q.   Aren’t there examples of female leadership in the Bible?

A.    Priscilla, the wife of Aquila, was never described as engaging in any ministry that would be a contradiction with 1 Timothy 2. Acts 18:25 says that “…they invited him to their home and explained to him the way of God more adequately.” The husband and wife invited him into their home together. Whether or not Priscilla taught him, or simply took part in hospitality, makes little difference. The home is not the church, this was not a public speaking or teaching from a woman to a man. It was likely led by the husband and added to or supported by the wife, assuming a biblical husband and wife relationship as explained in Ephesians.
A.    Phoebe was a servant of the church in Romans 16:1. Some translations say deaconess. However, we must be careful here about using this term by it’s meaning or by it’s office. The Greek work used here can mean “waiter,” “servant,” “steward,” or “messenger.” All of these meanings are valid meanings and use for those even outside the official church office of deacon. If we consider it as the office of deacon, there is a distinction here where “able to teach” is not a qualification for deacon as it is for elder. “Among its general usages, “deacon” refers to a waiter at meals (John 2:5,9), a king's attendant (Matthew 22:13), a servant of Satan (2 Corinthians 11:15), a servant of God (2 Corinthians 6:4), a servant of Christ (2 Corinthians 11:23), a servant of the church (Colossians 1:24-25), and a political ruler (Romans 13:4).”
A.    Old Testament, there were occasional women leaders in ancient Israel. Deborah was one example, she was ruling during the time of the judges. She was the only female judge among 13 male judges. Judges 4:1, “And the people again did what was evil in the sight of the Lord after Ehud died.” And that time was characterized in Judges 21:25, “In those days there was no king in Israel. Everyone did what was right in his own eyes.” Through Moses, we understand that they were under discipline or God’s wrath when they were under the headship of any other besides qualified males from among them. Isaiah 3:12-17 states this clearly, “My people—infants are their oppressors, and women rule over them. O my people, your guides mislead you and they have swallowed up the course of your paths. […] The LORD said: Because the daughters of Zion are haughty and walk with outstretched necks, glancing wantonly with their eyes, mincing along as they go, tinkling with their feet, therefore the Lord will strike with a scab the heads of the daughters of Zion, and the LORD will lay bare their secret parts.” Jeremiah 5:19 says “And when your people say, ‘Why has the LORD our God done all these things to us?’ you shall say to them, ‘As you have forsaken me and served foreign gods in your land, so you shall serve foreigners in a land that is not yours.’”

Q.   Gender isn’t black and white, consider the efforts of “genderbread”, how can we make clear distinctions when life isn’t that clear?

A.    A more thorough explanation could be made. Genderbread defines gender not in biological terms, but in by stereotypical behaviors or preferences. Likewise, your maleness and femaleness is defined in gradients of male or female. Therefore, they have “redefined” gender and grayed the lines. This, at its core, is simply circular reasoning and is contrary to the clearer, historic, and biblical meaning of gender. For a Christian to follow this reasoning, is wrong, and is a conforming to this world (Romans 12:2) rather than God’s will.

Q.   How are women valued in scripture?

A.    Women will be redeemed in child bearing. [Genesis 3:16] We have the great honor of motherhood. [Genesis 3:20] Also as a wife, she is a helper for her husband [Genesis 2:24]. Older women will teach the younger women to love their husbands and children and keepers at home. [Titus 2;1,3-5] Noble women in Proverbs speak of wisdom, makes linen garments, and watches over the affairs of her household. [Proverbs 31:10+] 

Is Faith an Individual Decision?

We’ve all heard it said that faith is an individual decision and “parents should raise their children and let them decide for themselves.” Is this a Biblical concept or a deception to get your youth?
First of all, the question assumes the philosophy that all “faiths” are created equal and we just need to choose the one that fits us the best. This is a false assumption. For you who hold to the reformed doctrines of God’s sovereignty and predestination you will immediately recognize that we don’t choose God, but instead he chose us while we were still sinners, and draws us to him. Aside from those two considerations, scripture teaches the opposite of this statement.

After decades of following this approach, what has it produced? We live today in an American culture which marginalizes Christianity, which produces Christians who mostly do not hold to a Biblical worldview (see Barna Research, less than 9% of adults), and which loses young adults from the Christian faith at an alarming rate (70% or more).
What does scripture tell us?
First, scripture instructs us to raise our children.  In many passages, it tells us how both by direct command and by example.  Here are a few examples that tell us to teach God’s commands to our children. First, Deuteronomy 6:6-7, “These commandments that I give you today are to be upon your hearts. Impress them on your children.” In the New Testament we are reminded as well, including Ephesians 6:4 that say, “Fathers, do not exasperate your children; instead, bring them up in the training and instruction of the Lord.” Another classic passage is Proverbs 22:6, “Train a child in the way he should go, and when he is old he will not turn from it.” I don’t intent to treat this exhaustively, but just to make the point that scripture does give us this command to raise our children and to specifically teach them the commands of the Lord.
The second point is the responsibility of the church comparison of the church and family. The primary basis comes from 1 Timothy 3:4-5 which explains the qualifications for elder, “He must manage his own family well and see that his children obey him with proper respect. (If anyone does not know how to manage his own family, how can he take care of God's church?)” This expands the concept with a picture of the elder as a father, overseeing the members God’s family (see Ephesians 2:19, “you are…members of God’s household”). We should see many similarities between the role of father and the role of elder.  So I ask the question, are elders to simply help teach the doctrines of scripture and hope the members ‘get it’? No, Paul speaking of elders in Titus 1:9 writes that elders should “encourage others by sound doctrine and refute those who oppose it.”
The Responsibility to our Household
Let me add to the picture; through several passages we get a picture of responsibility to ourselves and our household. From the start of God’s call to His people, He commanded this through Abraham in establishing the covenant. In Genesis 18:19 God says, “For I have chosen him, so that he will direct his children and his household after him to keep the way of the LORD…” and when Aaron make his sin offering in Leviticus 16:6, he does it “to make atonement for himself and his household”, not just himself.
Many Christians are inspired by a favorite passage from Joshua. In Joshua 24:15, as Joshua stands before Israel as their spiritual head, he calls them to account and declares that “as for me and my household we will serve the Lord.” The Israelites declare that they will also follow the Lord, and the Lord shows his faithfulness to Joshua and Israel in the closing verses. Verse 31 says, “Israel served the LORD throughout the lifetime of Joshua and of the elders who outlived him and who had experienced everything the LORD had done for Israel.”
The New Testament contains many examples of God’s covenant to households as well. In John 4:53 when Jesus heals the official’s son we are told that “he and all his household believed.” Then, in Luke 19, when Zacchaeus encountered Jesus, He said, “Today, salvation has come to this house.” Also, in Acts 16:31, when Paul and Silas were freed from their shackles in prison and the jailer asked “what must I do to be saved?”, they replied, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved—you and your household.”
Conclusion
Scripture does teach us to raise our children in the fear and admonition of the Lord. It tells us to teach them the commands of the Lord. It is especially our direct responsibility to do this as fathers. The Bible singles us out. Does that mean mothers can’t teach God’s command? Does that mean the church shouldn’t teach God’s command? Does that mean we shouldn’t send our children to a Christian school? Nope, it does mean we can’t delegate this to others and neglect it in ourselves. The church may teach the Lord’s commands, but so must we!
We need to be careful about reaching some wrong conclusions here. Scripture does not teach a genetic inheritance of faith. The household or family connection is through God’s faithfulness to his covenant. He has chosen us and we have a responsibility to follow his commands and glorify Him. Scripture also does not follow the cultural idea that our parent-child relationship ends at 18 (or even 20). Our relationship changes, but does not end.
Teaching our children God’s commands and our faith is our responsibility. It is part of the Great Commission found in Matthew 28:18-20 to make disciples of all nations. We must not exclude our own children from that commission. In three words, a disciple is one who learns the faith, follows it, and spreads it. We must teach them to be disciples, so that they too can teach their children to be disciples. Don’t let the lies of the culture break the covenant of faith with your family from generation to generation.

The Banner on Cohabitation

On January 23rd, The Banner posted an article on cohabitation. The following is my response to that article. One individual posted the following link in their comments, which I thought was helpful information: 2208 Cohabitation Report, but should not be the basis for our argument against cohabitation. The basis for our argument should be scripture.
Lots of great advice for compromising God’s word! But before that, what’s good about this? This article starts with a few stories to persuade us with emotional dilemmas and ends with urging us to challenge people to delve into Scripture.
There are a number of hints at good responses, but they seem to be peppered in to take off the edge of the response the author is proposing and to appease those who wish a true Biblical view of marriage and co-habitation. There is a gap between the cultural practice and what the Bible (not always church) teaches. There almost always is, in any era and any area of life.
So how should we respond?

1. Remember the gospel of Christ: We do need to love God and love our neighbor. We need to bear each other’s burdens (Gal 6:2). We all bear our own sins, and are called to build up the body of Christ (Eph 4:16) and restore each other gently (Gal 6:1). Restoring involves repentance.
2. Teach them God’s purpose in marriage: We should point them, not only to a covenant relationship, but that marriage is an institution of God (not of the state) and illustrates our relationship and salvation through Christ.
3. Teach them the Biblical qualifications from an early age: Teach them the Biblical qualifications for each partner in their role. Not to be unequally yoked (2 Cor 6:14), the sacrifice of the husband, his washing the wife with the Word, leading in godliness, providing and protecting (Eph 5) and raising up children.
4. Drop the old arguments: There are always false teachers and false doctrines. There are always negative influences from our culture. Learn the new arguments from the culture and engage the arguments and address them directly with your children. If teaching of God’s law isn’t done from an early age and it gets to the point of co-habitation this looks judgmental rather than helpful. Our ideas and arguments should be shaped by scripture, not the latest studies or situations, those always change and become crumbling sand.
5. Keep the scare tactics: OK, maybe not quite like that. But, the compromise explained in a couple of the stories show that the individuals fear man, or serve finances, more than the fear and serve the Lord (Prov 9:10).
6. Strive for God’s standard, and His Word: The arguments in the article forget we have a high standard, while none of us can meet it perfectly; it’s not a race against what could be worse. The author seems to argue that our culture is full of greed and murder, only maiming someone is a step toward love.
7. Our goal is to save their soul: We certainly hope and pray that those cohabiting will come to repentance. That could look like eliminating the sexual immorality, or it could be recognizing God’s beautiful plan and institution of marriage. Or, in the worst case, it can mean expelling those in sin (1 Cor 5:5) to save their soul.

The culture already has enough other areas where they have influenced the church. Which complaint would you rather hear from your young adults? "I can’t get laid." Or "I can’t find a godly man/woman worthy of my respect and honor." When we follow the culture we create both of these complaints. Shouldn’t we rather bring the culture (as far as it depends on us) under the dominion and rule of Christ? The pagan culture we live in today is a result of the church not doing its job.

Influential Books That Shaped My Life

We were watching a video Sunday night about family discipleship from the Vision Forum conference on building a multi-generation (200 year) vision for our family. I stole the idea from there, but we discussed books that have shaped my life and I decided to list and share those here on the blog.

Chosen by God by Dr. R. C. Sproul: This book helped explain the doctrine of election to me as I struggled through it being raised in a family and denomination that does not believe or teach election or predestination. I use Paul the Apostle and Jonah as examples as they chose different paths than what God wanted, but in the end they followed His will.

Refuting Evolution by Dr. Jonathan Sarfati: This book came at a critical time, my first real challenge of my faith by a co-worker who questioned that anyone could believe a book 2000 years old and we know so much more from science today. I had never thought about it at all, and sought out the truth. Another co-worker guided me to Answers in Genesis where this book was being featured being recently published. I couldn’t believe how little real data evolution was based on. I ended up teaching it in our church’s adult Sunday School classes. I couldn’t get enough information; I read as many books I could get on the topic (15 during the 12-week course).

A few others shaped me in more minor ways around creation and science. The Puzzle of Ancient Man by Dr. Donald Chittick helped me see this in archeology as well and opened my eyes to the concept that man’s intelligence is devolving (capacity and ability – not technology) rather than evolving. Bones of Contention by Dr. Marvin Lubenow helped me understand that man has a great ability to categorize and create a natural progression based on taxonomy where there is none. And finally, Dismantling the Big Bang by Dr. John Hartnett helped me see the incredible power of predictions in science and did a thorough job of breaking down the concepts and evidence surrounding astronomy and the Big Bang.

Ideas Have Consequences by Dr. R. C. Sproul: This book helped open my eyes to philosophy and the four causes. It also helped me see that two equally brilliant men can come to complete opposite conclusions; the difference is not in their intelligence, but in where they started. Presuppositions change a lot.

Dominion and Common Grace by Dr. Gary North: This book was when I really understood the dominion mandate both broadly and with depth. I began to see my responsibility as a man on this earth and began seeing areas everywhere, where I needed to take dominion, or others did. Before that, my former pastor Al Bandstra shoved me into dominion in my family with his Father’s Day sermon on Jonadab. This was a turning point for me, and was built on by further lectures and materials by Doug Philips of Vision Forum and by Scott Brown and others with NCFIC. This shaping is still happening and I need to do more reading and applying.

What Hollywood Teaches about Manhood by Dr. Voddie Baucham: This is actually a lecture on CD that does a wonderful job of explaining Biblical Manhood and illustrating the contrasts as seen through several Hollywood movies. This is a CD that I have listened to and been encouraged by several times, I never get tired of it and it spurs me on and reminds me of my Biblical responsibility in my family and my work. There are many other lectures by Voddie Baucham that have been excellent and influential as well.

Besides those, I have been influenced by several people, especially my family, on a regular basis. This is largely my own family, wife and two boys, but also my extended family on both my side and my wife’s. There were many other books that had some influence, but these were the ones that shaped my thinking and I still recall today.

Always Reforming

Several years ago, as I was participating in an online forum, I ran into the phrase, “once reformed, always reforming.” Looking back, I see that what was meant was simply, “always changing.” Since then, I’ve heard and seen this phrase used a number of other times. It was mostly being used to support some kind of “change” in the church or in theology. Those changes weren’t always for the better though, nor were they always more Biblical. I also ran into a definition used by a 3rd-party HR organization which stated that “reform” was any change for the positive. I found the best definition and a good Christian application in a lecture at a conference titled, “Semper Reformanda” (see here.

Since then, I began hearing a number of other “re” terms used among Christians. These often sounded nice, but didn’t always reflect a change in the right direction. Here’s a quick list and explanation of these, and I’ll circle back around to “reforming” at the end to properly understand reformation. Change is a good thing, if it’s the right kind of change and if it’s not done just for the sake of change. Let’s take a look at a couple of these.

Renewal: Many look at church and worship as just needing some renewal or to refresh it so it comes alive for those who participate. The CRCNA has taken this approach by establishing the Calvin Institute of Christian Worship and focusing on worship renewal. This seems to assume that people have just become bored and need a constant barrage of newness in order to keep us interested. It assumes people need to be attracted to church through what we, as humans, do in our programs, music, etc… rather than being attracted by “the sound doctrine that conforms to the glorious gospel of the blessed God” that has been preached since the time of the apostles. (1 Timothy 1:3-11) Even if the words are not used, this is the underlying theme behind many purpose-driven or seeker-sensitive churches. The one thing that does need renewing is our minds. (Romans 12:2)

Reinvent: The Emergent Church started use of this terminology with the statement that Jesus is fine, but we need to reinvent church. They say rather than being Christians, we need to be Christ-followers or followers of Jesus. However, Christians worship God through the church; the church was formed based on Scripture through the writings in the New Testament and the teaching of Jesus. Yes, some have strayed from that and need to be restored. But if you’re in a church that understands and follows the regulative principle of worship and worship in the way Scripture teaches, then reinventing church is essentially reinventing Jesus because the church was established by Christ himself. Reinventing worship takes the wrong assumption that we invented it in the first place. People didn’t invent worship, God did, and He instructed us how we should worship Him in his Word.

Reforming: Unlike the way I heard it defined, simply as change, or positive change. Reforming that is meant by this phrase is, re-forming our thoughts and actions to a standard. In the Christian’s case, that standard is scripture. Not just any type of change, but specifically, changing to conform to God’s Law.

So, reinventing church is best done by reforming it to what is taught in scripture as we have drifted (or run) away from God’s plan. We also don’t need to keep “making it fresh” as Marty does in Madagascar, but instead need to renew our commitment to God’s Word and his gospel.